Abstraсt: The article has observed the trend of petrochemicals production and refinery integration together with brief information about the new integrated projects worldwide and some core licensed processes for the modern complex configurations. The paper provides an expert opinion regarding prospects of the integrated projects development.
Keywords: crude oil, petrochemicals production, refinery, integrated complex, cotc.
Abstraсt: The article is concerned with a method for modification of standard fractionation column basic control system to be used to facilitate production of such a valuable product as propane and butane cut. This design solution contributes to enhancement of economic efficiency due to prevented combustion of the valuable distillate.
Keywords: fractionation column, fractionation column control system, distillate, oil refining, fractionation sharpness, increase of propane and butane cut content.
Abstraсt: A new design of the apparatus for desorption of carbon dioxide from an aqueous solution with rotating tubes is proposed. Unlike cooling towers, the new apparatus does not have any loss of water and carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. At the laboratory unit, experimental studies of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a flat-blade impeller designed for rotation of heat-exchange tubes in a desorber were performed. The dependence of the rotational frequency and hydraulic resistance of the flat-blade impeller on the fluid flow rate, the dependence of the effective rotation power and the hydraulic resistance coefficient on the rotational frequency of the impeller are established. It is established that the dependence of the effective power of rotation of the impeller on the frequency of rotation at a constant flow rate is extreme. It is important to know the value of the coefficient of hydraulic resistance of the impeller in order to determine the flow rate of liquid flowing by gravity through the tube with the impeller. The experimental results can be used to develop new rotary tube desorbers designed to desorb carbon dioxide from an aqueous solution.
Keywords: desorber, hydrodynamics, flat-bladed impeller, rotating tubes, hydraulic resistance, effective power, rotation frequency.
Abstraсt: The results of an experimental study of the process of isotopic exchange between hydrogen and water in membrane contact devices with a Nafion-type membrane and platinized hydrophobic and hydrophilic catalysts are presented. An algorithm for calculating the mass transfer coefficient in membrane contact devices is proposed, which makes it possible to adequately describe the mass transfer processes in a wide range of conditions. The possibility of creating a countercurrent separating module with membrane-type contact devices that does not require a vertical arrangement is demonstrated. This creates the prerequisites for the creation of compact mobile installations for detritiation of light water radioactive waste.
Keywords: chemical isotope exchange, detritiation, membrane contact device, nation membrane, heterogeneous catalysts, mass transfer coefficient.
Abstraсt: In this work, mathematical modeling of a bimolecular chemical reaction with the simultaneous participation of both free and associated reagent molecules under external periodic mechanical action is carried out. The possibility of controlling the reaction rate with kinetic instability by choosing the amplitude and frequency of the external field is shown.
Keywords: multistage chemical reaction, association of reagents, low-frequency mechanical action, change in the reaction rate.
Abstraсt: Effect of natural and modified bentonite clays used as sorbents in the process of cleaning used motor oils, was investigated in the presented work. It was shown that the acid modification of bentonite clays leads to the production of sorbents with high sorption properties. Na+-, Ca2+-, Ba2+-, Sr2+-, H+- forms were used as modifying adding’s improving sorption properties. In the process of investigation the influence of modified clays at the efficiency of the cleaning process of motor oils, it was established that deeper cleaning of used motor oils is carried out by using modified bentonite as sorbent.
Keywords: natural sorbent, modified clay, used oil, montmorillonite.
Abstraсt: The turbulent natural convective head transfer in f system with a heat source along the perimeter of the study area is theoretically considered. The numerical analysis of spatial stationery modes of natural convection in a closed area with head-conduction walls of finite thickness is solved.
Keywords: natural convection, numerical analysis, heat flow, boundary value problem, conjugate heat transfer, 2d modes.
Abstraсt: The paper presents the results of studies of experimental samples of electrolyte-supporting batteries for their implementation in innovative electric vehicles “KAMAZ”. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are by far the most promising for their use as batteries for electric vehicles, due to the presence of a number of advantages over gasoline engines, the main of which are: saving on fuel and fuel, environmental friendliness due to a significant reduction or absence of emissions into the environment. Wednesday. As a result of the studies, it was found that electrolyte-supporting SOFC batteries with a nominal capacity of 700 W can be used to create a power plant with a capacity of up to 15 kW, which will make it possible to make a choice in their favor for the automotive industry, in particular for electric trucks.
Keywords: batteries, solid oxide fuel cells, metal-supporting sofc, electrolyte-supporting sofc.
Abstraсt: It was found that the rate of alcoholysis of methyl esters of fatty acids is influenced by the form of the catalyst dissolved in the reaction mass. The influence of the process parameters on the conversion of fatty acid methyl esters and the yield of trimethylolpropane esters was studied. The ways to intensify the process of alcoholysis are proposed.
Keywords: trimethylolpropane, alcoholysis, fatty acids methyl esters, lubricants, esters of trimethylolpropane, synthetic oils.
