Abstraсt: The article presents materials on the importance of activated carbons (AC) for solving a wide range of environmental problems. The modern definition of activated carbons as a material with a developed porous structure is given. The possibility of effective use of activated carbons in a number of important technologies for protecting the environment from pollution is shown. New technologies of its production are described and the needs for the Russian Federation’s AU are justified.
Keywords: ecology, environmental pollution, active carbons, technologies, lithosphere, soil detoxification, hydrosphere, water treatment, atmosphere, incineration plants.
Abstraсt: N.V. Keltsev (1921-1981) – a prominent scientist, one of the largest Soviet specialists in the field of surface phenomena and processing of industrial gases, left a bright mark in the research, development and implementation of modern theoretical foundations of technical adsorption, focused, in particular, on solving a wide range of tasks in the field of environmental protection. He made a significant contribution to the science of sorption processes for chemical, petrochemical, gas and other industries, which owe him the introduction of many progressive adsorption processes.
Keywords: technical adsorption, adsorbents, drying, purification and separation of industrial gases, environmental protection technology.
Abstraсt: The regularities of MgFe2O4/G-C3N4 composites synthesis and catalytic properties in the reaction of Methylene Blue destruction were studied. The relationship between the synthesis conditions, physical-chemical and catalytic properties of the obtained composites was established. It was proved that the catalytic destruction of the dye was mainly due to the formation of hydroxyl radicals. The obtained MgFe2O4/G-C3N4 composites showed the high efficiency as heterogeneous Fenton catalysts.
Keywords: magnesium ferrite, carbon nitride, heterogeneous fenton catalysts, methylene blue, water treatment.
Abstraсt: The situation in Myanmar with the production of carbon adsorbents and the protection of the biosphere from industrial emissions and discharges is highlighted. The conditions of thermal processing of plant waste in the form of the peel of tamarind fruits and fossil coals of the exploited deposits of the country into activated carbon are described and their properties are characterized.
Keywords: fossil coals, tamarind fruit peel, pyrolysis, water vapour activation, sodium hydroxide, properties of carbon adsorbents.
Abstraсt: The sorption of uranium by the strongly basic anionite Axionit VPA G2.4 containing functional groups, which are a mixture of methylpyridine and para-substituted pyridine, from model sulfuric acid solutions of underground leaching of polymetallic ores has been studied. The sorption isotherm was obtained. The kinetics of uranium sorption was investigated by the method of a limited solution volume and the rate constants, its diffusion coefficients in the ion exchanger phase, and the apparent activation energy were calculated.
Keywords: uranium, sorption, strongly basic anionite, distribution coefficient, kinetic models, diffusion coefficient, rate constant, apparent activation energy.
Abstraсt: The current regulations contain a number of requirements in terms of organization of continuous emission monitoring systems CEMS of Category I installations. This article considers approaches to the organization of such a system on the example of ammonia production, detailing each of the stages, such as: – collection and analysis of initial information; – definition of the stationary sources and the indicators of emissions which are subject to the control by the automated measurements means according to the operating normative legal acts; – determination of technical feasibility of automated control under operating conditions of the selected stationary sources of emissions, availability, means and methods of measuring the specified concentrations and parameters. In the article the arising subtasks, technical and methodological difficulties, and also variants of their decision are considered in detail.
Keywords: automated emission monitoring, stationary emission sources, pollutants.
Abstraсt: The results of estimating the maximum values of adsorption-stimulated deformation of microporous carbon adsorbents AUK and AR-B during the adsorption of normal hydrocarbons: C5H12, C7H16, C8Hla, and carbon dioxide CO2 at temperatures of 243-313 K. It is shown that the deformation of microporous carbon adsorbents, stimulated by physical adsorption of gases and vapors, is positive in the region of maximum fillings. The compressibility of microporous carbon adsorbents is close to constant at different temperatures and weakly depends on the properties of the adsorbate. For the studied adsorbents, the compressibility of AUK is about yaAUK = 7.7-10-6 bar-1, of the AR-V adsorbent about yaAR-V = 4.1-10-6 bar-1. Compared with non-porous graphite, the compressibility of the AUK and AR-B adsorbents is 2.6 and 1.4 times higher, respectively.
Keywords: adsorption, adsorption-induced deformation, micropores, microporous solids, carbon adsorbents, high pressures, compressibility, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide.
