Issue 4/2021

Artemev Z.N., Kuzora I.E., Gershpigel T.N., Dyachkova S.G., Vakulskaya T.L., Pavlov D.V.
Distillates of the coking process – new components of low-viscosity marine fuel

Abstraсt: On the example of light delayed coker gas oil, the possibility of involving distillates of coking processes in low-viscosity marine fuels, while maintaining the normalized parameters of the latter, is shown. It is established that the restrictions on the involvement of light delayed coker gas oil in the production of low-viscosity marine fuel, caused by a high content of sulfur and compounds that initiate homolytic processes, can be removed by hydrogenation. The effect of radical processes on fuel stability was experimentally proved by EPR spectroscopy: in a sample of light delayed coker gas oil, a signal located in the free radical region, which is absent in the hydrogenation product, was detected. A new approach to the use of distillates of coking processes, allows you to replace expensive components in the formulation of low-viscosity marine fuel and increase the marginality of products.

Keywords: low-viscosity marine fuel, hydrotreating process, coking distillates, light delayed coker gas oil, antioxidant additives, actual resins, oxidative stability, epr spectroscopy of petroleum products.

Derunets A.S.1, Beloded A.V., Badaeva O.E., Baranova P.V., Kuznetsov A.Y.
Sensibility of lactobacillus paracasei lactic acid bacteria at stress exposure to visible lighting the fermentation medium

Abstraсt: The influence of oxidative stress on the culture Lactobacillus paracasei lactic acid bacteria was studied, adapted to the effect of hydrogen peroxide and in conditions of the fermentation broth by visible light illumination. In cultivation with visible lighting of the fermentation medium the pre-adapted culture of lactic acid bacteria had better growth characteristics than in cultivation without lighting, while the light did not influence the non-adapted culture. This suggests the possible involvement of photoreparation in stress response in the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus paracasei.

Keywords: lactobacillus paracasei, lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid, oxidative stress, hydrogen peroxide, visible light.

Nesterova A.G.
The use of nanotechnology in the production of paints and varnishes

Abstraсt: The article presents data on domestic developments in the field of nanotechnology in the production of paint and varnish technologies. The analysis of literary data on this topic is given. The issues of the use of nanoparticles and their influence on the properties of paint and varnish materials and coatings are considered. The prospects of using nanotechnologies for obtaining various paint and varnish materials are shown.
Keywords: paint materials, polymer coatings, composite materials, nanoparticles, nanomaterials, nanotechnology.

Geraskina O.S., Zologin V.V., Reshetar O.A., Vinogradova E.N., Rudomazin V.V.
Classification and labeling of explosives in a review of national and international practices

Abstraсt: Explosives and materials are widely used in various industries. Taking into account the increased danger of products, special attention should be paid to awareness and prevention of danger when working with such substances in order to prevent the recurrence of disasters similar to the explosions in the port of Beirut in 2020. This article discusses classifications that have practical application in Russia, and also considers changes in the international classification of the GHS in connection with the release of a new edition in July 2021. The article is addressed to managers and employees of industrial enterprises, transport companies, freight forwarders and others involved in the handling of explosives.

Keywords: explosives, industrial explosives, marking, classification.

Dyachenko A.N., Dyachenko E.N., Maisaya K.Z.
Ammonium fluorine technology for production of special purity silicon dioxide

Abstraсt: Proposed to consider the possibility of SiO₂ 5N obtaining through the stage of ammonium hexafluosilicate (NH₄)₂SiF₆ purification. High-purity silicon dioxide can be obtained with fluoridation of quartz concentrate by solid NH₄F, with further sublimation of the product at 320°C, its dissolution, ammonia hydrolysis, filtration and drying SiO₂-nH₂O. This is accompanied by regeneration of the processing reagent – NH₄F.

Keywords: silicon dioxide, ammonium fluorides, ammonium hexafluorosilicate, quartz, sublimation.

Zhukov A.V., Chizhevskaya S.V., Ye Ko Ko Htun, Kuzmina A.A.
The intensification of solid-phase synthesis of lithium pentatitanate

Abstraсt: The mechanical treatment / mechanical activation of a mixture of Li₂CO₃ powders with TiO₂ in a Pulverisette 5 planetary mill (Fritsch) in the modes used for the synthesis of Li₂TiO₃ and subsequent heat treatment at 650-850°C (isothermal holding for 2 h) for the solid-phase synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ has been studied. It has been shown that mechanical treatment of a mixture of reagents for 60 min makes it possible to reduce the temperature of the first and second stages of the synthesis of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ by approximately 230 and 50°C, respectively, and to obtain Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ powders suitable for the manufacture of an anode material for a lithium-ion battery for high-current applications.

Keywords: lithium carbonate, rutile, mechanical activation, anode material, specific discharge capacity.

Linev P.A., Burkova I.V., Magomedbekov E.P., Fenin A.A.
Photochemical decomposition of phenylurea in aqueous solutions

Abstraсt: The effect of ultraviolet radiation on phenylurea in an aqueous system is considered. Phenylurea derivatives are pesticides and pollutants of water and soil. The results of irradiation of systems containing different concentrations of phenylurea, hydrogen peroxide and iron sulfate (II) are presented in order to find optimal irradiation conditions. Changes in the concentration of the organic component and photochemical decomposition products were analyzed using HPLC. As a result, the dependences of the efficiency of decomposition of phenylurea on the concentration of system components are established.

Keywords: photochemistry, chromatography, fenton reaction, pesticide, wastewater.